Obama administration officials on Thursday questioned whether the Nigerian
military is able to rescue, even with international help, more than 260
schoolgirls abducted last month, giving impetus to a social media campaign
calling for the United States to do more to free the hostages.
Testifying before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, administration
officials on Thursday offered an unusually candid and public assessment of the
Nigerian military.
“We’re now looking at a military force that’s, quite frankly, becoming
afraid to even engage,” said Alice Friend, the Pentagon’s principal director
for African affairs. “The Nigerian military has the same challenges with
corruption that every other institution in Nigeria does. Much of the funding
that goes to the Nigerian military is skimmed off the top, if you will.”
American surveillance aircraft, both manned and unmanned, are making
flights over the heavily forested region in northeastern Nigeria where the
girls are believed to be held. So far, there are few if any clues about the
girls’ location.
“We’re basically searching for these girls in an area that’s roughly the
size of West Virginia,” Marie Harf, a State Department spokeswoman, said
Thursday. “So it’s a tough challenge, to be sure.”
The administration has also sent about 30 specialists from the State
Department, the F.B.I. and the Pentagon to advise Nigerian officials. About
half are military personnel with medical, intelligence, counterterrorism and
communications skills. Two officers with experience supporting a mission in
Uganda to track down the Lord’s Resistance Army, another rebel force, have
joined the effort.
Gen. David M. Rodriguez, the top general overseeing American missions in
Africa, met with other senior American and Nigerian officials this week in
Abuja, the Nigerian capital, to analyze Nigerian operations as well as the
military’s “gaps and shortfalls,” Ms. Friend said.
Asked whether Nigerian forces were capable of rescuing the hostages,
Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel told CBS News on Thursday, “That’s an open
question.”
“We just don’t know enough yet to be able to assess what we will
recommend to the Nigerians, where they need to go, what they need to do, to get
those girls back,” Mr. Hagel said.
Gen. Carter F. Ham, a retired head of the military’s Africa command,
said, “My sense is that U.S.G. will remain in a supporting role to Nigeria,”
referring to the United States government. “I do not think the U.S.G. will seek
unilateral action.
At Thursday’s hearing, administration officials condemned the kidnappings
and committed American aid to help rescue the girls. But they also voiced
frustration at Nigeria’s political and military leaders for failing to heed
Washington’s warnings about the extremist group.
“We have been urging Nigeria to reform its approach to Boko Haram,” said
Robert P. Jackson, principal deputy assistant secretary of state for African
affairs. “From our own difficult experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq, we know
that turning the tide of an insurgency requires more than force. The state must
demonstrate to its citizens that it can protect them and offer them
opportunity. When soldiers destroy towns, kill civilians and detain innocent
people with impunity, mistrust takes root.”
Administration officials say they have tried to persuade the Nigerian
authorities to adopt a more holistic approach to fighting Boko Haram, which the
State Department branded a terrorist organization last year. The Pentagon, for
instance, has supported programs to counter improvised explosive devices and
build greater cooperation between the Nigerian military and the public, in part
to help generate tips on suspected terrorists. The efforts have had mixed
results, at best.
Moreover, finding Nigerian army units that have not been involved in
gross violations of human rights has been a “persistent and very troubling
limitation” on American efforts to work with the Nigerians, Ms. Friend said.
Senator after senator, of both parties, expressed outrage at how long it
has taken the Nigerian government to respond effectively to the abductions.
Only on Thursday, Mr. Jackson said, was President Jonathan finally traveling to
Chibok, the town where the abductions occurred.
But Ms. Friend was unable to assure the committee chairman, Senator
Robert Menendez, Democrat of New Jersey, that the Nigerian military had the
capacity for a rescue operation, even if it had “actionable intelligence” on
the girls’ whereabouts and help from other countries.
As reported by the New York Time nytimes.
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